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ICT 9 - Spiritual Gifts

One of the striking features of the early or apostolic church was the widespread participation and spiritual function within the body of believers. The word was not done by the apostles alone, nor by a small group of trained “clergymen.” An examination of such passages as Acts 2:46-47; 5:13-14; 6:2-6; 8:4 indicates that many believers were involved in proclaiming the gospel and in other activities. During this period there was great multiplication of the believers and considerable spiritual fervor. This widespread participation was a major cause of the spread of the Christian faith throughout the civilized world.

[Act 2:46-47 NKJV] 46 So continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, they ate their food with gladness and simplicity of heart, 47 praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily those who were being saved.

[Act 5:13-14 NKJV] 13 Yet none of the rest dared join them, but the people esteemed them highly. 14 And believers were increasingly added to the Lord, multitudes of both men and women,

[Act 6:2-6 NKJV] 2 Then the twelve summoned the multitude of the disciples and said, "It is not desirable that we should leave the word of God and serve tables. 3 "Therefore, brethren, seek out from among you seven men of [good] reputation, full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom, whom we may appoint over this business; 4 "but we will give ourselves continually to prayer and to the ministry of the word." 5 And the saying pleased the whole multitude. And they chose Stephen, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit, and Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolas, a proselyte from Antioch, 6 whom they set before the apostles; and when they had prayed, they laid hands on them.

[Act 8:4 NKJV] 4 Therefore those who were scattered went everywhere preaching the word.

There has been a rediscovery of this vision of every-member participation today and a return to New Testament practice. At the same time there has been a flood of interest in the doctrine of spiritual gifts. When Jesus ascended He gave these gifts unto His followers (Ephesians 4:8,11). The purpose was “to prepare God’s people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up” (Ephesians 4:12 NIV). Gifts are to be used in the development of all of God's people so that they can do the work of the ministry. Paul used the picture of the human body and its parts in teaching this doctrine in 1 Corinthians 12. Proper functioning of the body requires that every part or member do its assigned task. No body could work properly if it were all mouth or hands. God has given to each believer something to be used for the benefit of others and the glory of God can change our lives and those of others.

[Eph 4:8, 11 NKJV] 8 Therefore He says: "When He ascended on high, He led captivity captive, And gave gifts to men." ... 11 And He Himself gave some [to be] apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,

[Eph 4:12 NKJV] 12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ,

[1Co 12:1-31 NKJV] 1 Now concerning spiritual [gifts], brethren, I do not want you to be ignorant: 2 You know that you were Gentiles, carried away to these dumb idols, however you were led. 3 Therefore I make known to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God calls Jesus accursed, and no one can say that Jesus is Lord except by the Holy Spirit. 4 There are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. 5 There are differences of ministries, but the same Lord. 6 And there are diversities of activities, but it is the same God who works all in all. 7 But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to each one for the profit [of all]: 8 for to one is given the word of wisdom through the Spirit, to another the word of knowledge through the same Spirit, 9 to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healings by the same Spirit, 10 to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another discerning of spirits, to another [different] kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. 11 But one and the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually as He wills. 12 For as the body is one and has many members, but all the members of that one body, being many, are one body, so also [is] Christ. 13 For by one Spirit we were all baptized into one body--whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves or free--and have all been made to drink into one Spirit. 14 For in fact the body is not one member but many. 15 If the foot should say, "Because I am not a hand, I am not of the body," is it therefore not of the body? 16 And if the ear should say, "Because I am not an eye, I am not of the body," is it therefore not of the body? 17 If the whole body [were] an eye, where [would be] the hearing? If the whole [were] hearing, where [would be] the smelling? 18 But now God has set the members, each one of them, in the body just as He pleased. 19 And if they were all one member, where [would] the body [be]? 20 But now indeed [there are] many members, yet one body. 21 And the eye cannot say to the hand, "I have no need of you"; nor again the head to the feet, "I have no need of you." 22 No, much rather, those members of the body which seem to be weaker are necessary. 23 And those [members] of the body which we think to be less honorable, on these we bestow greater honor; and our unpresentable [parts] have greater modesty, 24 but our presentable [parts] have no need. But God composed the body, having given greater honor to that [part] which lacks it, 25 that there should be no schism in the body, but [that] the members should have the same care for one another. 26 And if one member suffers, all the members suffer with [it]; or if one member is honored, all the members rejoice with [it]. 27 Now you are the body of Christ, and members individually. 28 And God has appointed these in the church: first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, administrations, varieties of tongues. 29 [Are] all apostles? [Are] all prophets? [Are] all teachers? [Are] all workers of miracles? 30 Do all have gifts of healings? Do all speak with tongues? Do all interpret? 31 But earnestly desire the best gifts. And yet I show you a more excellent way.

Nature of the Gifts

1. Definition. Spiritual gifts are God-given capacities for spiritual service, supernaturally bestowed upon believers only. Our English word comes from two principal Greek words. One is charismata, which has given us our word “charismatic.” The root is charis, which is the word for “grace” or “undeserved favor.” The other word is pneumatika, meaning “spiritualities” or “something from the Spirit,” indicating its source is God, pertaining to the realm of the Spirit.

Gifts differ from natural talents, although both have their origin in God and may work together in certain instances. Natural talents come from the first or natural birth. Spiritual gifts come at the second birth. When spiritual gifts are properly developed and exercised, something supernatural takes place. There is an impact upon another believer in Christian growth and encouragement. Playing instruments, singing, doing artistic works are talents from God, but are not listed as spiritual gifts. The unsaved can also possess these. Gifts also differ from the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23). Fruit proceeds from within, pertains to character and is part of the process of growth for all believers. Unlike spiritual gifts, each quality of the fruit of the Spirit is available to all believers.

[Gal 5:22-23 NKJV] 22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness, self-control. Against such there is no law.

2. Source. Every good and perfect gift comes from God (James 1:17). So it is with spiritual gifts. Since God is one, gifts come from the Father (Romans 12:3), from the Son (Ephesians 4:8), and from the Spirit (1 Corinthians 12:11). Every believer receives one or more gifts from the risen Christ (Ephesians 4:7-8; 1 Corinthians 12:7; 1 Peter 4:10). There is no such thing as a believer who has received no gift. In this sense, all believers are “charismatic,” whether they realize it or not. The body of believers cannot be divided Scripturally between “charismatic” and “non-charismatic” groups, although this is widely done in the Christian world. Gifts are not the property of a few ordained people. The force of this truth is to remind us of our responsibility to stir up this gift within us and make use of it (1 Timothy 1:6). We must not neglect it.

[Jas 1:17 NKJV] 17 Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning.

[Rom 12:3 NKJV] 3 For I say, through the grace given to me, to everyone who is among you, not to think [of himself] more highly than he ought to think, but to think soberly, as God has dealt to each one a measure of faith.

[Eph 4:8 NKJV] 8 Therefore He says: "When He ascended on high, He led captivity captive, And gave gifts to men."

[1Co 12:11 NKJV] 11 But one and the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually as He wills.

[Eph 4:7-8 NKJV] 7 But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ's gift. 8 Therefore He says: "When He ascended on high, He led captivity captive, And gave gifts to men."

[1Co 12:7 NKJV] 7 But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to each one for the profit [of all]:

[1Pe 4:10 NKJV] 10 As each one has received a gift, minister it to one another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God.

[1Ti 1:6 NKJV] 6 from which some, having strayed, have turned aside to idle talk,

What determines which gift we receive? Some believers point to 1 Corinthians 12:31 and 14:1 as indicating that it depends on our aspiration and asking God. Yet the first reference uses the plural rather than a singular pronoun and evidently is addressed to the church as a whole placing special value, or desiring, for the local body, the more important gifts, such as prophecy. Gifts come from the grace of God and are not a reward for holiness or striving (Ephesians 4:7). It is the Lord’s discretion, not ours, which governs the apportionment of gifts. Are we wise enough to instruct Him as to our proper place in His body?

[1Co 12:31 NKJV] 31 But earnestly desire the best gifts. And yet I show you a more excellent way.

[1Co 14:1 NKJV] 1 Pursue love, and desire spiritual [gifts], but especially that you may prophesy.

[Eph 4:7 NKJV] 7 But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ's gift.

3. Purpose. The timing of this provision is related to the ascension of the Lord Jesus to heaven after His resurrection. It is particularly His provision for the church. The formation of the church at Pentecost makes clear that this is a new provision for believers, not available in prior ages. Gifts are to build up other believers so that they can do the work of the ministry (1 Corinthians 14:12,26; Ephesians 4:12); to promote growth in unity and love (Ephesians 4:16); to assist in the care of one another (1 Corinthians 12:25-26; 1 Peter 4:9-10); and to glorify God, especially in the ministry of the Word (1 Peter 4:11). There is no hint in any of this of self-improvement, self-edification or self-importance as a goal. Gifts are to be others-directed. But does it not say that tongues are to edify self in 1 Corinthians 14:4? This verse is a comparison between prophesying to edify the church and the Corinthian practice of tongues-speaking. The comparison makes tongues the lesser. The verse does not state that self-edification is a purpose of any spiritual gift. Edifying of self is a by-product. Gifts are to build others.

[1Co 14:12, 26 NKJV] 12 Even so you, since you are zealous for spiritual [gifts], [let it be] for the edification of the church [that] you seek to excel. ... 26 How is it then, brethren? Whenever you come together, each of you has a psalm, has a teaching, has a tongue, has a revelation, has an interpretation. Let all things be done for edification.

[Eph 4:12 NKJV] 12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ,

[Eph 4:16 NKJV] 16 from whom the whole body, joined and knit together by what every joint supplies, according to the effective working by which every part does its share, causes growth of the body for the edifying of itself in love.

[1Co 12:25-26 NKJV] 25 that there should be no schism in the body, but [that] the members should have the same care for one another. 26 And if one member suffers, all the members suffer with [it]; or if one member is honored, all the members rejoice with [it].

[1Pe 4:9-10 NKJV] 9 [Be] hospitable to one another without grumbling. 10 As each one has received a gift, minister it to one another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God.

[1Pe 4:11 NKJV] 11 If anyone speaks, [let him speak] as the oracles of God. If anyone ministers, [let him do it] as with the ability which God supplies, that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom belong the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen.

[1Co 14:4 NKJV] 4 He who speaks in a tongue edifies himself, but he who prophesies edifies the church.

Classification of the Gifts

Bible scholars disagree as to the exact number of gifts. As few as nine and as many as twenty-two are recognized. Moreover, there is no agreement as to whether those listed in Scripture represent a complete catalog. Many believe that the major gifts are mentioned, but there could be others that are not listed in Scripture. Note the following lists of gifts:

[1Co 12:8-10 NKJV] 8 for to one is given the word of wisdom through the Spirit, to another the word of knowledge through the same Spirit, 9 to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healings by the same Spirit, 10 to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another discerning of spirits, to another [different] kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues.

[1Co 12:28 NKJV] 28 And God has appointed these in the church: first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, administrations, varieties of tongues.

[Rom 12:6-8 NKJV] 6 Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, [let us use them]: if prophecy, [let us prophesy] in proportion to our faith; 7 or ministry, [let us use it] in [our] ministering; he who teaches, in teaching; 8 he who exhorts, in exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.

[Eph 4:11 NKJV] 11 And He Himself gave some [to be] apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,

1 Corinthians 12:8-10	1 Corinthians 12:28	Romans 12:28	Ephesians 4:11
Word of wisdom	Apostles	Prophecy	Apostles
Word of knowledge	Prophets	Ministering	Prophets
Faith	Teachers	Teaching	Evangelists
Healing	Miracles	Exhortation	Pastors
Miracles	Healings	Giving	Teachers
Prophecy	Helps	Leading (ruling)
Discerning of spirits	Governments (administrations or wise counsels)	Mercy	1 Peter 4:11
			Speaking
Tongues			Serving
Interpretation of tongues	Tongues

The question is intensely debated as to whether some gifts passed from the scene with the apostolic church. Many conservative writers believe that the sign gifts, such as healing, were for the times of the apostles primarily. Others vigorously deny this and say that the proof is lacking Scripturally. Many leaders have claimed that they are apostles of God, even possessing the powers and authority of the original Twelve. But apostles could only be with us in the secondary sense of the word, since none today could be a witness of the Resurrected Christ as was required (1 Corinthians 9:1; Acts 1:21-22). The matter of whether some gifts yet remain with us or whether others have now been added is still debated. It is beyond the scope of this lesson.

[1Co 9:1 NKJV] 1 Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord?

[Act 1:21-22 NKJV] 21 "Therefore, of these men who have accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, 22 "beginning from the baptism of John to that day when He was taken up from us, one of these must become a witness with us of His resurrection."

Various ways of classifying gifts have been used. Examples are (1) according to their nature (speaking, serving, signifying); (2) according to their sphere (church at large or church local); (3) according to their aspects (motivations, ministries, manifestations); (4) according to their duration (permanent or temporary). A description of the gifts, classified according to their nature, is given in Speaking Gifts section.

Utilization of the Gifts

Each of us is responsible to function as a servant of the church by using our gift. The New Testament does not present the picture of a few workers doing most of the service for God while others merely attend, enjoy the ministry and help a little financially. Remember the parable of the talents and our coming reckoning before God (Matthew 25:14-29). Each Christian is to be vitally involved in a body of believers and ministering according to God’s plan. How are we to go about doing this?

[Mat 25:14-29 NKJV] 14 "For [the kingdom of heaven is] like a man traveling to a far country, [who] called his own servants and delivered his goods to them. 15 "And to one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one, to each according to his own ability; and immediately he went on a journey. 16 "Then he who had received the five talents went and traded with them, and made another five talents. 17 "And likewise he who [had received] two gained two more also. 18 "But he who had received one went and dug in the ground, and hid his lord's money. 19 "After a long time the lord of those servants came and settled accounts with them. 20 "So he who had received five talents came and brought five other talents, saying, 'Lord, you delivered to me five talents; look, I have gained five more talents besides them.' 21 "His lord said to him, 'Well [done], good and faithful servant; you were faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.' 22 "He also who had received two talents came and said, 'Lord, you delivered to me two talents; look, I have gained two more talents besides them.' 23 "His lord said to him, 'Well [done], good and faithful servant; you have been faithful over a few things, I will make you ruler over many things. Enter into the joy of your lord.' 24 "Then he who had received the one talent came and said, 'Lord, I knew you to be a hard man, reaping where you have not sown, and gathering where you have not scattered seed. 25 'And I was afraid, and went and hid your talent in the ground. Look, [there] you have [what is] yours.' 26 "But his lord answered and said to him, 'You wicked and lazy servant, you knew that I reap where I have not sown, and gather where I have not scattered seed. 27 'So you ought to have deposited my money with the bankers, and at my coming I would have received back my own with interest. 28 'Therefore take the talent from him, and give [it] to him who has ten talents. 29 'For to everyone who has, more will be given, and he will have abundance; but from him who does not have, even what he has will be taken away.

1. Discovery Of Gifts. This is not directly commanded in Scripture. However, there are many commands to serve the Lord in the fellowship of His church. Thus we can begin by serving in whatever way we can help. We need not wait until we discover our own particular gift before serving. We are commanded to function in many gift areas, without having that gift. These areas include serving (Galatians 5:13), exhortation (Hebrews 10:25), giving (2 Corinthians 9:7), faith (2 Corinthians 5:7), evangelistic work (Acts 1:8), discerning or distinguishing spirits (1 John 4:1), teaching (Titus 2:4) and shepherding (1 Corinthians 12:25). The special blessing of God in one of these areas of ministry is a sign of spiritual gift. But who would limit giving, faith and helping others only to the gifted? It appears that one person may have more than one gift (Paul, Philip). In any event, there should be no occasion for claiming spiritual superiority (1 Corinthians 12:21-24).

[Gal 5:13 NKJV] 13 For you, brethren, have been called to liberty; only do not [use] liberty as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another.

[Heb 10:25 NKJV] 25 not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as [is] the manner of some, but exhorting [one another], and so much the more as you see the Day approaching.

[2Co 9:7 NKJV] 7 [So let] each one [give] as he purposes in his heart, not grudgingly or of necessity; for God loves a cheerful giver.

[2Co 5:7 NKJV] 7 For we walk by faith, not by sight.

[Act 1:8 NKJV] 8 "But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be witnesses to Me in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth."

[1Jo 4:1 NKJV] 1 Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits, whether they are of God; because many false prophets have gone out into the world.

[Tit 2:4 NKJV] 4 that they admonish the young women to love their husbands, to love their children,

[1Co 12:25 NKJV] 25 that there should be no schism in the body, but [that] the members should have the same care for one another.

[1Co 12:21-24 NKJV] 21 And the eye cannot say to the hand, "I have no need of you"; nor again the head to the feet, "I have no need of you." 22 No, much rather, those members of the body which seem to be weaker are necessary. 23 And those [members] of the body which we think to be less honorable, on these we bestow greater honor; and our unpresentable [parts] have greater modesty, 24 but our presentable [parts] have no need. But God composed the body, having given greater honor to that [part] which lacks it,

2. Development Of Gifts. Normally this comes when we are actively using them for God. They do not seem to be conferred in full bloom. Growth in the use of spiritual gifts seems to be governed by the same principles governing all areas of spiritual development. The command to present our bodies to Christ for His service that we might be a living sacrifice precedes a passage on gifts (Romans 12:1-2). A plea to walk worthy of our calling precedes another such passage (Ephesians 4:1). Such factors as obedience, effective prayer, diligent study of the Word, sharing our faith, active local church fellowship and a desire to do God’s will effects the development of our gift(s). No short cuts or speed-up processes exist to develop gifts. As in other areas of spiritual progress, there must be gradual growth.

[Rom 12:1-2 NKJV] 1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that you present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, [which is] your reasonable service. 2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what [is] that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.

[Eph 4:1 NKJV] 1 I, therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy of the calling with which you were called,

3. Guidelines For Recognizing Gifts. The following guidelines may be helpful:

a. Be Others-Directed. Spiritual gifts minister to others, particularly in building them up so that they also can serve in the body of Christ (Ephesians 4:12). Do not concentrate on yourself.

[Eph 4:12 NKJV] 12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ,

b. Look for “Open Doors” Of Service (Galatians 6:10). Do not wait to discover your gift before serving. It may not be what you had in mind but there is a need and you could do it, if you made the effort. When needs and opportunities abound, it is not spiritual to be waiting around to “discover my gift first.” Jesus said, “I am among you as He that serveth” (Luke 22:27). Trying to concentrate on one area too soon may be a handicap.

[Gal 6:10 NKJV] 10 Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all, especially to those who are of the household of faith.

[Luk 22:27 NKJV] 27 "For who [is] greater, he who sits at the table, or he who serves? [Is] it not he who sits at the table? Yet I am among you as the One who serves.

c. Pray for Opportunities to Serve the Lord Jesus. Do not wait for someone to come and seek you out. Part of taking the whole armor of God is to be prayerful (Ephesians 6:18). Ask God for wisdom (James 1:5) to understand where He wants to use you. Review the list of gifts and seek to find some opportunity to serve. Do not underestimate your capacity to do what God opens up for you. Appropriate His sufficiency (2 Corinthians 12:9).

[Eph 6:18 NKJV] 18 praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, being watchful to this end with all perseverance and supplication for all the saints--

[Jas 1:5 NKJV] 5 If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him.

[2Co 12:9 NKJV] 9 And He said to me, "My grace is sufficient for you, for My strength is made perfect in weakness." Therefore most gladly I will rather boast in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me.

d. Seek the counsel of mature believers who know you (Proverbs 11:14). We are often not the best judge of our own gift (1 Corinthians 14:29). Our personal desires may be utterly at variance with the mind of the Spirit. For example many gifted preachers of the Word at first shunned the whole idea of preaching. On the other hand, many actively seek the pulpit when their ministry obviously lies elsewhere. Be open to counsel. Accept closed doors.

[Pro 11:14 NKJV] 14 Where [there is] no counsel, the people fall; But in the multitude of counselors [there is] safety.

[1Co 14:29 NKJV] 29 Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others judge.

e. Be Active in Serving. Activity may lead to discovery of your gift (2 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 4:14). We rarely have need to fear "running ahead of God" when we serve where we can and where needed. Are you available or seeking to avoid responsibility? Are you faithful in present duties?

[2Ti 1:6 NKJV] 6 Therefore I remind you to stir up the gift of God which is in you through the laying on of my hands.

[1Ti 4:14 NKJV] 14 Do not neglect the gift that is in you, which was given to you by prophecy with the laying on of the hands of the eldership.

f. Do Not Expect Instant Development. Growth is the Scriptural way of development in almost all areas of Christian life (2 Peter 3:18). A gift does not spring into being fully developed. Unimpressive beginnings and discouragements often mark our stumbling beginnings. Beware of premature judgments which may shut off areas of growth.

[2Pe 3:18 NKJV] 18 but grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To Him [be] the glory both now and forever. Amen.

Your life may be a dynamic reservoir of unused potential for God. You may serve prominently or quietly. You may serve in a humble ministry, such as helps, or in a compassionate ministry, like mercy. There seems to be no end of opportunity in these areas. In any case, commit yourself to use whatever God has given you and exercise it in the sufficiency of God. Do not neglect your gift. Stir it up!

Spiritual Gifts

1. List the various spiritual gifts shown in the following verses:

1 Corinthians 12:8-10 1 Peter 4:8-11

Romans 12:3-8; 28-30 Ephesians 4:11

[1Pe 4:8-11 NKJV] 8 And above all things have fervent love for one another, for "love will cover a multitude of sins." 9 [Be] hospitable to one another without grumbling. 10 As each one has received a gift, minister it to one another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God. 11 If anyone speaks, [let him speak] as the oracles of God. If anyone ministers, [let him do it] as with the ability which God supplies, that in all things God may be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom belong the glory and the dominion forever and ever. Amen.

[Rom 12:3-8 NKJV] 3 For I say, through the grace given to me, to everyone who is among you, not to think [of himself] more highly than he ought to think, but to think soberly, as God has dealt to each one a measure of faith. 4 For as we have many members in one body, but all the members do not have the same function, 5 so we, [being] many, are one body in Christ, and individually members of one another. 6 Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, [let us use them]: if prophecy, [let us prophesy] in proportion to our faith; 7 or ministry, [let us use it] in [our] ministering; he who teaches, in teaching; 8 he who exhorts, in exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.

[Eph 4:11 NKJV] 11 And He Himself gave some [to be] apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,

2.How would you answer a statement to the effect that:

a. Only the more spiritual Christians have a spiritual gift (1 Corinthians 12:7).

b. Any one gift is meant for all believers (1 Corinthians 12:28-30).

c. A person should pray to receive a spiritual gift (1 Corinthians 12:11,18).

3. What are two purposes for spiritual gifts according to the following verses:

1 Corinthians 14:12 and Ephesians 4:11-13

1 Corinthians 14:20-25 (especially 14:22) and Hebrews 2:2-4

4. What two attitudes did Paul warn against in regard to spiritual gifts?

1 Corinthians 12:15-16 1 Corinthians 12:21

What would be the practical result of such activities?

5. What did Paul say about the Corinthian church concerning gifts (1 Corinthians 1:4-7)?

Did their gifts make them a spiritual church (1 Corinthians 3:1-3)?

6. From 1 Corinthians 14: What was the purpose of the gift of tongues?

How were the Corinthians abusing this gift?

What regulations did Paul lay down regarding tongues?

Explain the statement, “Five is better than ten thousand.”

7. In the following passages what is said about our attitudes in using our gifts? What is said about the way we exercise our gifts? What cautions appear to be associated with the gifts mentioned?

Romans 12:6-8

1 Timothy 4:13-15

1 Peter 4:8-11

8. According to 1 Corinthians 13:1-3,8-10,13 does God place more emphasis on knowing and exercising our spiritual gift, or on developing Christ-like character and exhibiting the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23)? Explain.

9. What do you think your spiritual gift is? How have you been using it in your local church? How do you plan to use it in the future?

10. What responsibility do you have if you do not know what your spiritual gift is?

The following definitions may be helpful in understanding where we should be functioning in the body of Christ. The divisions of speaking, serving and signifying are used, but these are not specified in the Bible.

The Speaking Gifts

1. Apostleship. “Apostle” means “sent one,” a messenger or delegate sent with orders. The word involves the concept of being commissioned to be an ambassador. An ambassador is more than just a messenger, and the thrust of the word is on the commission. The word is used in at least six ways in the New Testament: (1) Jesus is called an Apostle (Hebrews 3:1); (2) The Twelve Disciples are called the Twelve Apostles (Revelation 21:14); (3) A larger group of followers of Jesus who saw Him after his resurrection and received a commission from Him are called apostles (1 Corinthians 15:7); (4) There were counterfeit apostles (Revelation 2:2); (5) A delegate or envoy commissioned by a church for a specific task is called an apostle (Philippians 2:25); (6) Certain other persons who were commissioned by the Holy Spirit to do pioneer missionary work were called apostles (Acts 13:2; 14:4,14). Exactly how this was determined is not clear. Timothy, Barnabas, Andronicus and Junias were called apostles; but Titus and Apollo were not, perhaps because they were involved in follow-up work.

The doctrine of apostolic succession held by the Roman Catholic Church implies that through the “ordination process” there are still apostles today. However, this doctrine is not in Scripture. There are no apostles alive in the primary sense of men personally commissioned by the Risen Lord to go into all the world and preach the gospel. But the gift of apostleship has a secondary meaning. This applies to individuals who have been commissioned by the Holy Spirit to do pioneer missionary work among a certain group of people. William Carey was in this sense an apostle to India, Adoniram Judson to Burma, Hudson Taylor to Interior China. The gift of apostleship implies more than just being an evangelist or a messenger. He is an ambassador for the Lord with an unusual sense of authority and responsibility.

2. Prophecy is a gift to be coveted in the church because “everyone who prophesies speaks to men for their strengthening, encouragement and comfort” (1 Corinthians 14:3 NIV). The Biblical revelation ends with a warning in Revelation 22 about anyone ever adding to the Scriptures. In that sense there have been no prophets since the first century. But the word “prophecy” also means to forthtell the Word of God, and so, in that sense, there continues to be the gift of prophecy among men who powerfully preach and apply the Word of God. Prophetic insight enables one to put his finger on the sin of a person as John the Baptist did, and as Peter did in Acts 5. It also enables the person to apply a certain truth of Scripture to a situation.

3. Evangelism is the gift of proclaiming the Good News effectively so that people respond in conversion.

4. Pastoring simply means “shepherding.” Jesus is called the Good Shepherd. The gift of shepherding involves guiding the flock, helping them to feed on the Word of God and guarding them from wolves and from Satan, who goes about like a roaring lion. Paul exhorted the Ephesian elders “to feed the church of God” (Acts 20:28). A pastor must be able to use God’s Word to minister to the sheep.

5. Teaching is the ability to effectively and systematically instruct someone (Romans 12:7). A teacher can explain and interpret the doctrines of Scripture and has a good grasp of the facts of the Biblical record.

6. Encouragement is sometimes translated as “exhortation” (Romans 12:8). Jesus used the same root word when describing the ministry of the Holy Spirit. The word implies “one who is called to one’s side to help, encourage, exhort, appeal to, entreat.”

7. Word Of Wisdom means literally “wise speech” (1 Corinthians 12:8). It has to do with a godly practical advice or good judgment about the problems facing a Christian. It is the wisdom that God imparts to those close to Him as per Solomon or the practical good sense of Stephen (Acts 6:3). It is the kind of wisdom found in the book of Proverbs.

8. Word Of Knowledge involves the knowledge of the intimate things of the Lord (1 Corinthians 12:8). The early Christians would contrast this with the special knowledge of the pagan mystery religionists about the intimate things of their gods. Paul used the term for those who displayed unusual insight into the ways of the Lord. Paul used the same word in Philippians 3:8, in which he says he counted all loss “for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus.”

The Serving Gifts

1. Helps carries the meaning of lending assistance to someone. It is the same word used in Acts 20:35 indicating “support” of the weak. It is also related to the idea of waiting on tables (Acts 6:2). John Mark was taken on the first missionary journey by Paul and Barnabas as a “helper” (Acts 13:5 NASB). Other examples are Timothy and Erastus (Acts 19:22).

2. Hospitality means “love of strangers” (1 Peter 4:9). Hospitality was highly valued among early Christians. Hospitality is to be given to strangers and to all God’s people, not just to one’s friends (Matthew 5:46-47).

3. Giving conveys the idea of sharing. All Christians are to give, but some have the gift of giving. Romans 12:8 indicates giving is to be done “with simplicity,” “with singleness of mind,” “without pretense,” “freely, with delight,” “generously, with liberality.” These are all translations of this phrase in different versions. Barnabas had not only the gift of encouragement but of giving (Acts 4:34-37).

4. Administration Or Government. Three words are used for this gift. The first one means to “superintend, preside over, to rule.” The second word has the concept of “shipmaster, helmsman or steersman.” The third word means “to go before, lead, have authority over.” Paul says “he that ruleth” should do it “with diligence” (Romans 12:8). The idea is one of being a leader, or being able to graciously organize and direct people.

5. Showing Mercy. Romans 12:8 says “he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.” The word may be translated “to have compassion on” or “to give undeserved favor.” Dorcas is an example of one who had this gift because of her many “deeds of kindness and charity” (Acts 9:36-39 NASB). One must have the ability to empathize with someone in sorrow or pain and must do it cheerfully.

6. Faith means “firm persuasion.” The object of faith is God. It is a simple child-like trust in Him. Faith is the confidence in God that He will answer their prayers. Such faith is a stimulus to others. Examples are Stephen (Acts 6:8) and Barnabas (Acts 11:23-24).

7. Discernment means to distinguish or judge. The most dramatic case of this being practiced is by Peter with Ananias and Sapphira (Acts 5:1-10). Discernment is the ability to distinguish that which is truth and from the Holy Spirit from that which is counterfeit and from Satan. Paul exercised this in Acts 13:10-11. Discernment may relate to doctrine as well as life. It has to do most dramatically with teachings that come from Satan and not from the Holy Spirit. People as well as teaching ministry might be included in things discerned.

The Signifying Gifts

1. Miracles. Three words are used in this connection. One means “power,” another “wonders” and still another “signs.” Jesus exercised these repeatedly. Scripture records 35 specific miracles He performed and alludes to hundreds of others. Paul performed some mighty deeds (2 Corinthians 12:12) that helped authenticate his apostleship. In perspective, it appears that miracles or signs have a function in the beginning of a work, especially to pagans; but because they can be duplicated by Satan, they may become counter-productive and distracting. Man’s exercising the gift of miracles differs from God’s miraculous working in lives or through circumstances.

2. Healing. Peter had the gift of healing (Acts 3:6-8; 5:15-16; 9:32-41). Not every sick person was healed; Paul himself was ill (as was Timothy) and not healed. Like miracles, this gift seems most prevalent in the beginning of the Acts. Nonetheless, God miraculously cures people today. Elders may go and pray for those who are ill, as described in James 5.

3. Tongues And Interpretations. Tongues means a language. Supernatural speaking in another language to preach the gospel occurred in Acts 2. Speaking in tongues is valid and from the Holy Spirit if someone can interpret what is said by the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 14). Most of the so-called “speaking in tongues” does not qualify. A gift from the Holy Spirit ought to minister to others.

A special word must be said about the gift of tongues since many believers press it upon others as necessary to a life of power and holiness. Most advocates of tongues believe that speaking in tongues is the outward sign of the baptism of the Spirit, subsequent to conversion. Whether genuine tongues are being spoken by someone or not at present does not make it more significant than other gifts with which it is listed. It is one of many. Not all can, or should, have it (1 Corinthians 12:30; 14:19-24). It is not the most important gift. It should be regulated by Scripture (1 Corinthians 14:27-34). Some avoid this regulation by teaching that there are several varieties of tongues (sign to the unbeliever or in the church, differing from private or devotional tongues). However, this subdivision is not clearly set forth in Scripture.

How should one respond to those who press tongues-speaking on others? Do not try to prove that tongues have ceased or that they are of the Devil. Do not belittle the importance of tongues or forbid them to speak in tongues (1 Corinthians 14:39). Do not debate the details of their experience. Rather establish the following principles from Scripture:

1. No Scripture expressly states that tongues are a sign of Spirit-baptism.

2. “Baptism,” “filling,” “sealing,” and “anointing” by the Spirit are not identical terms.

3. No Scripture tells us expressly that tongues are the “language of the Spirit,” the “language of prayer” or the “language of heaven.”

4. Tongues did not deliver the Corinthians from carnality and gross sin and do not succeed in this any better today.

5. Tongues in the book of Acts did not come when individuals sought the gift. God granted this manifestation to certain groups in a public way on His own initiative, not theirs.

6. Tongues are not elevated in Scripture to be the key to victorious life.

7. Tongues in Scripture often came simultaneously with other events, but should not be confused with them.

8. No Scripture teaches how to speak in tongues. No person should coach another on how to “get” the gift, any more than getting any other gift.

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Question: "How does God distribute spiritual gifts?"

Answer: Romans 12:3-8 and 1 Corinthians chapter 12 make it clear that each Christian is given spiritual gifts according to the Lord’s choice. Spiritual gifts are given for the edification of the body of Christ (1 Corinthians 12:7, 14:12). The exact timing of the giving of these gifts is not specifically mentioned. Most assume that spiritual gifts are given at the time of spiritual birth (the moment of salvation). However, there are some verses that may indicate God gives spiritual gifts later as well. Both 1 Timothy 4:14 and 2 Timothy 1:6 refer to a gift that Timothy had received at the time of his ordination “by prophecy.” This likely indicates that one of the elders at Timothy’s ordination spoke about a spiritual gift that Timothy would have to enable his future ministry.

We are also told in 1 Corinthians 12:28-31 and in 1 Corinthians 14:12-13 that it is God (not us) who chooses the gifts. These passages also indicate that not everyone will have a particular gift. Paul tells the Corinthian believers that if they are going to covet or long after spiritual gifts, they should strive after the more edifying gifts, such as prophesying (speaking forth the word of God for the building up of others). Now, why would Paul tell them to strongly desire the “greater” gifts if they already had been given all they would be given, and there was no further opportunity of gaining these greater gifts? It may lead one to believe that even as Solomon sought wisdom from God in order to be a good ruler over God’s people, so God will grant to us those gifts we need in order to be of greater benefit to His church.

Having said this, it still remains that these gifts are distributed according to God’s choosing, not our own. If every Corinthian strongly desired a particular gift, such as prophesying, God would not give everyone that gift simply because they strongly desired it. If He did, then who would serve in all of the other functions of the body of Christ?

There is one thing that is abundantly clear—God’s command is God’s enablement. If God commands us to do something (such as witness, love the unlovely, disciple the nations, etc.), He will enable us to do it. Some may not be as gifted at evangelism as others, but God commands all Christians to witness and disciple (Matthew 28:18-20; Acts 1:8). We are all called to evangelize whether or not we have the spiritual gift of evangelism. A determined Christian who strives to learn the Word and develop his teaching ability may become a better teacher than one who may have the spiritual gift of teaching, but who neglects the gift.

Are spiritual gifts given to us when we receive Christ, or are they cultivated through our walk with God? The answer is both. Normally, spiritual gifts are given at salvation, but also need to be cultivated through spiritual growth. Can a desire in your heart be pursued and developed into your spiritual gift? Can you seek after certain spiritual gifts? First Corinthians 12:31 seems to indicate that this is possible: “earnestly desire the best gifts.” You can seek a spiritual gift from God and be zealous after it by seeking to develop that area. At the same time, if it is not God’s will, you will not receive a certain spiritual gift no matter how strongly you seek after it. God is infinitely wise, and He knows through which gifts you will be most productive for His kingdom.

No matter how much we have been gifted with one gift or another, we are all called upon to develop a number of areas mentioned in the lists of spiritual gifts: to be hospitable, to show acts of mercy, to serve one another, to evangelize, etc. As we seek to serve God out of love for the purpose of building up others for His glory, He will bring glory to His name, grow His church, and reward us (1 Corinthians 3:5-8, 12:31–14:1). God promises that as we make Him our delight, He will give us the desires of our heart (Psalm 37:4-5). This would surely include preparing us to serve Him in a way that will bring us purpose and satisfaction.

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